Inflammation – Society of Cannabis Clinicians https://www.cannabisclinicians.org Educating Healthcare Professionals about the Medical Use of Cannabis Thu, 05 Oct 2023 00:40:05 +0000 en-US hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=6.2.3 https://www.cannabisclinicians.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/cropped-scc-flavicon-32x32.png Inflammation – Society of Cannabis Clinicians https://www.cannabisclinicians.org 32 32 Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Minor Cannabinoids CBC, THCV, and CBN in Human Macrophages https://www.cannabisclinicians.org/2023/10/04/anti-inflammatory-effects-of-minor-cannabinoids-cbc-thcv-and-cbn-in-human-macrophages/ Thu, 05 Oct 2023 00:40:05 +0000 https://www.cannabisclinicians.org/?p=29362 Inflammation is a natural response of the body to signals of tissue damage or infection caused by pathogens. However, when it becomes imbalanced, it can lead to various disorders such as cancer, obesity, cardiovascular problems, neurological conditions, and diabetes. The endocannabinoid system, which is present throughout the body, plays a regulatory role in different organs and influences functions such as food intake, pain perception, stress response, glucose tolerance, inflammation, cell growth and specialization, and metabolism. Phytocannabinoids derived from Cannabis sativa can interact with this system and affect its functioning. In this study, we investigate the mechanisms underlying the anti-inflammatory effects of three minor phytocannabinoids including tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV), cannabichromene (CBC), and cannabinol (CBN) using an in vitro system. We pre-treated THP-1 macrophages with different doses of phytocannabinoids or vehicle for one hour, followed by treating the cells with 500 ng/mL of LPS or leaving them untreated for three hours.

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]]> Cannabinoids in the treatment of cancer anorexia and cachexia: where have we been, where are we going? https://www.cannabisclinicians.org/2023/08/12/cannabinoids-in-the-treatment-of-cancer-anorexia-and-cachexia-where-have-we-been-where-are-we-going/ Sat, 12 Aug 2023 19:06:19 +0000 https://www.cannabisclinicians.org/?p=29072 Cachexia-anorexia cancer syndrome remains an unmet clinical need with a dearth of treatment and no standard of care. Acting through the endocannabinoid system, cannabinoids are one potential cancer cachexia treatment. Herein the potential mechanisms for cannabinoids for cancer cachexia are discussed as are previous and ongoing clinical trials.

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]]> Characterization of the biochemical and behavioral effects of cannabidiol: implications for migraine https://www.cannabisclinicians.org/2023/05/06/characterization-of-the-biochemical-and-behavioral-effects-of-cannabidiol-implications-for-migraine/ Sun, 07 May 2023 02:21:26 +0000 https://www.cannabisclinicians.org/?p=28557 Cannabidiol (CBD) is the main pharmacologically active phytocannabinoid. CBD exerts an analgesic effect in several pain models, does not have side effects and has low toxicity. The data about CBD mechanisms of action in pain and its therapeutic potential in this area are limited. Here, we tested CBD effects in animal models specific for migraine. We assayed CBD distribution in plasma and in cranial areas related to migraine pain in male Sprague Dawley rats treated chronically (5 days). Successively, we tested CBD activity on the behavioral and biochemical effects induced in the acute and the chronic migraine animal models by nitroglycerin (NTG) administration. In the acute migraine model, rats received CBD (15 mg or 30 mg/kg, i.p) 3 h after NTG (10 mg/kg i.p.) or vehicle injection. In the chronic migraine model, rats were treated with CBD and NTG every other day over nine days with the following doses: CBD 30 mg/kg i.p., NTG 10 mg/kg i.p.

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]]> Antitumor Effects of Cannabis sativa Bioactive Compounds on Colorectal Carcinogenesis https://www.cannabisclinicians.org/2023/05/05/antitumor-effects-of-cannabis-sativa-bioactive-compounds-on-colorectal-carcinogenesis/ Sat, 06 May 2023 00:54:13 +0000 https://www.cannabisclinicians.org/?p=28518 Cannabis sativa is a multipurpose plant that has been used in medicine for centuries. Recently, considerable research has focused on the bioactive compounds of this plant, particularly cannabinoids and terpenes. Among other properties, these compounds exhibit antitumor effects in several cancer types, including colorectal cancer (CRC). Cannabinoids show positive effects in the treatment of CRC by inducing apoptosis, proliferation, metastasis, inflammation, angiogenesis, oxidative stress, and autophagy. Terpenes, such as β-caryophyllene, limonene, and myrcene, have also been reported to have potential antitumor effects on CRC through the induction of apoptosis, the inhibition of cell proliferation, and angiogenesis. In addition, synergy effects between cannabinoids and terpenes are believed to be important factors in the treatment of CRC. This review focuses on the current knowledge about the potential of cannabinoids and terpenoids from C. sativa to serve as bioactive agents for the treatment of CRC while evidencing the need for further research to fully elucidate the mechanisms of action and the safety of these compounds.

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]]> Cannabidiol as a potential novel treatment for endometriosis by its anti-inflammatory, antioxidative and antiangiogenic effects in an experimental rat model https://www.cannabisclinicians.org/2023/03/24/cannabidiol-as-a-potential-novel-treatment-for-endometriosis-by-its-anti-inflammatory-antioxidative-and-antiangiogenic-effects-in-an-experimental-rat-model/ Sat, 25 Mar 2023 01:23:31 +0000 https://www.cannabisclinicians.org/?p=28137 Endometrial implants were surgically induced in 36 female Wistar albino rats. After confirmation of endometriotic foci, the rats were randomized into four groups. In the leuprolide acetate group, rats were given a single 1 mg/kg s.c. leuprolide acetate injection. The other groups were 5 mg/kg CBD (CBD5), saline solution and 20 mg/kg CBD (CBD20); daily i.p. injections were administered for 7 days. After 21 days, the rats were euthanised, and total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) measurements in blood and peritoneal fluid samples, and immunohistochemical staining for TNF-α, IL-6 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) of endometriotic tissues were evaluated.

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]]> Rare Phytocannabinoids Exert Anti-Inflammatory Effects on Human Keratinocytes via the Endocannabinoid System and MAPK Signaling Pathway https://www.cannabisclinicians.org/2023/03/11/rare-phytocannabinoids-exert-anti-inflammatory-effects-on-human-keratinocytes-via-the-endocannabinoid-system-and-mapk-signaling-pathway/ Sat, 11 Mar 2023 13:43:22 +0000 https://www.cannabisclinicians.org/?p=27998 Increasing evidence supports the therapeutic potential of rare cannabis-derived phytocannabinoids (pCBs) in skin disorders such as atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, pruritus, and acne. However, the molecular mechanisms of the biological action of these pCBs remain poorly investigated. In this study, an experimental model of inflamed human keratinocytes (HaCaT cells) was set up by using lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in order to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of the rare pCBs cannabigerol (CBG), cannabichromene (CBC), Δ9-tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV) and cannabigerolic acid (CBGA). To this aim, pro-inflammatory interleukins (IL)-1β, IL-8, IL-12, IL-31, tumor necrosis factor (TNF-β) and anti-inflammatory IL-10 levels were measured through ELISA quantification. In addition, IL-12 and IL-31 levels were measured after treatment of HaCaT cells with THCV and CBGA in the presence of selected modulators of endocannabinoid (eCB) signaling.

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]]> Phytochemical Constituents and Derivatives of Cannabis sativa; Bridging the Gap in Melanoma Treatment https://www.cannabisclinicians.org/2023/02/24/phytochemical-constituents-and-derivatives-of-cannabis-sativa-bridging-the-gap-in-melanoma-treatment-2/ Sat, 25 Feb 2023 02:14:56 +0000 https://www.cannabisclinicians.org/?p=27839 Melanoma is deadly, physically impairing, and has ongoing treatment deficiencies. Current treatment regimens include surgery, targeted kinase inhibitors, immunotherapy, and combined approaches. Each of these treatments face pitfalls, with diminutive five-year survival in patients with advanced metastatic invasion of lymph and secondary organ tissues. Polyphenolic compounds, including cannabinoids, terpenoids, and flavonoids; both natural and synthetic, have emerging evidence of nutraceutical, cosmetic and pharmacological potential, including specific anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and palliative utility. Cannabis sativa is a wellspring of medicinal compounds whose direct and adjunctive application may offer considerable relief for melanoma suffers worldwide. This review aims to address the diverse applications of C. sativa’s biocompounds in the scope of melanoma and suggest it as a strong candidate for ongoing pharmacological evaluation.

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]]> Scientific Validation of Cannabidiol for Management of Dog and Cat Diseases https://www.cannabisclinicians.org/2023/02/18/scientific-validation-of-cannabidiol-for-management-of-dog-and-cat-diseases-2/ Sat, 18 Feb 2023 19:44:51 +0000 https://www.cannabisclinicians.org/?p=27777 Cannabidiol (CBD) is a non-psychotropic phytocannabinoid of the plant Cannabis sativa L. CBD is increasingly being explored as an alternative to conventional therapies to treat health disorders in dogs and cats. Mecha- nisms of action of CBD have been investigated mostly in rodents and in vitro and include modulation of CB1, CB2, 5-HT, GPR, and opioid receptors. In companion animals, CBD appears to have good bioavailability and safety profile with few side effects at physiological doses. Some dog studies have found CBD to improve clinical signs associated with osteoarthritis, pruritus, and epilepsy. However, further studies are needed to conclude a therapeu- tic action of CBD for each of these conditions, as well as for decreasing anxiety and aggression in dogs and cats. Herein, we summarize the avail- able scientific evidence associated with the mechanisms of action of CBD, including pharmacokinetics, safety, regulation, and efficacy in ameliorating various health conditions in dogs and cats.

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]]> Scientific Validation of Cannabidiol for Management of Dog and Cat Diseases https://www.cannabisclinicians.org/2023/02/18/scientific-validation-of-cannabidiol-for-management-of-dog-and-cat-diseases/ Sat, 18 Feb 2023 19:38:33 +0000 https://www.cannabisclinicians.org/?p=27773 Cannabidiol (CBD) is a non-psychotropic phytocannabinoid of the plant Cannabis sativa L. CBD is increasingly being explored as an alternative to conventional therapies to treat health disorders in dogs and cats. Mecha- nisms of action of CBD have been investigated mostly in rodents and in vitro and include modulation of CB1, CB2, 5-HT, GPR, and opioid receptors. In companion animals, CBD appears to have good bioavailability and safety profile with few side effects at physiological doses. Some dog studies have found CBD to improve clinical signs associated with osteoarthritis, pruritus, and epilepsy. However, further studies are needed to conclude a therapeu- tic action of CBD for each of these conditions, as well as for decreasing anxiety and aggression in dogs and cats. Herein, we summarize the avail- able scientific evidence associated with the mechanisms of action of CBD, including pharmacokinetics, safety, regulation, and efficacy in ameliorating various health conditions in dogs and cats.

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]]> Phytochemical Constituents and Derivatives of Cannabis sativa; Bridging the Gap in Melanoma Treatment https://www.cannabisclinicians.org/2023/01/06/phytochemical-constituents-and-derivatives-of-cannabis-sativa-bridging-the-gap-in-melanoma-treatment/ Fri, 06 Jan 2023 22:16:44 +0000 https://www.cannabisclinicians.org/?p=27421 Schanknecht, E., Bachari, A., Nassar, N., Piva, T., & Mantri, N. (2023). Phytochemical Constituents and Derivatives of Cannabis sativa; Bridging the Gap in Melanoma Treatment. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 24(1), 859.

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